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        Download the raw data used to create the plots in this report below:

        Note that additional data was saved in multiqc_hg38_data when this report was generated.

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        If you use plots from MultiQC in a publication or presentation, please cite:

        MultiQC: Summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report
        Philip Ewels, Måns Magnusson, Sverker Lundin and Max Käller
        Bioinformatics (2016)
        doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw354
        PMID: 27312411

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        Please remember to cite the tools that you use in your analysis.

        To help with this, you can download publication details of the tools mentioned in this report:

        About MultiQC

        This report was generated using MultiQC, version 1.14

        You can see a YouTube video describing how to use MultiQC reports here: https://youtu.be/qPbIlO_KWN0

        For more information about MultiQC, including other videos and extensive documentation, please visit http://multiqc.info

        You can report bugs, suggest improvements and find the source code for MultiQC on GitHub: https://github.com/ewels/MultiQC

        MultiQC is published in Bioinformatics:

        MultiQC: Summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report
        Philip Ewels, Måns Magnusson, Sverker Lundin and Max Käller
        Bioinformatics (2016)
        doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw354
        PMID: 27312411

        These samples were run by seq2science v1.2.2, a tool for easy preprocessing of NGS data.

        Take a look at our docs for info about how to use this report to the fullest.

        Workflow
        rna-seq
        Date
        October 08, 2024
        Project
        group_12
        Contact E-mail
        yourmail@here.com

        Report generated on 2024-10-08, 10:21 CEST based on data in:

        Change sample names:

        General Statistics

        Showing 19/19 rows and 14/29 columns.
        Sample Name% DuplicationM Reads After FilteringGC content% PF% AdapterInsert Size% Dups% MappedM Total seqs% Proper PairsM Total seqsGenome coverageM Genome readsM MT genome reads
        iMye_D17
        32.2%
        54.4
        51.4%
        99.1%
        0.1%
        209 bp
        38.5%
        100.0%
        53.6
        100.0%
        48.4
        1.2 X
        65.4
        1.4
        iMye_D19
        60.7%
        23.2
        51.5%
        99.0%
        0.2%
        187 bp
        72.9%
        100.0%
        22.8
        100.0%
        20.6
        0.5 X
        27.4
        0.4
        iMye_D21
        30.5%
        20.0
        50.3%
        99.1%
        0.1%
        242 bp
        38.4%
        100.0%
        19.6
        100.0%
        18.1
        0.5 X
        24.5
        0.4
        iMye_PL_D17
        27.7%
        49.0
        49.2%
        99.4%
        0.1%
        206 bp
        33.0%
        100.0%
        48.2
        100.0%
        44.1
        1.1 X
        58.0
        1.0
        iMye_PL_D19
        18.8%
        6.0
        49.8%
        97.3%
        0.2%
        268 bp
        21.8%
        100.0%
        5.5
        100.0%
        5.0
        0.1 X
        7.0
        0.1
        iMye_PL_D21
        36.9%
        63.2
        49.9%
        99.1%
        0.1%
        235 bp
        44.0%
        100.0%
        61.9
        100.0%
        55.7
        1.6 X
        81.8
        1.4
        iMye_PL_TA_D17
        19.7%
        13.5
        49.4%
        99.2%
        0.1%
        260 bp
        25.1%
        100.0%
        13.2
        100.0%
        12.2
        0.3 X
        16.1
        0.2
        iMye_PL_TA_D19
        17.5%
        4.8
        49.5%
        98.5%
        0.1%
        258 bp
        20.2%
        100.0%
        4.7
        100.0%
        4.3
        0.1 X
        5.9
        0.1
        iMye_PL_TA_D21
        23.4%
        20.4
        49.9%
        99.1%
        0.2%
        243 bp
        29.5%
        100.0%
        19.9
        100.0%
        17.8
        0.5 X
        26.7
        0.4
        iMye_PL_TA_sD17
        32.6%
        61.9
        49.3%
        98.9%
        0.2%
        205 bp
        37.3%
        100.0%
        60.6
        100.0%
        54.7
        1.5 X
        77.4
        1.0
        iMye_PL_TA_sD19
        43.7%
        41.3
        51.7%
        98.6%
        0.3%
        242 bp
        50.8%
        100.0%
        40.1
        100.0%
        30.5
        1.7 X
        88.3
        0.6
        iMye_PL_TA_sD21
        25.2%
        36.9
        45.9%
        99.3%
        0.1%
        283 bp
        31.8%
        100.0%
        36.0
        100.0%
        33.4
        0.8 X
        43.9
        0.7
        iMye_PL_sD17
        26.1%
        58.7
        51.4%
        99.2%
        0.2%
        217 bp
        32.9%
        100.0%
        57.6
        100.0%
        50.8
        1.6 X
        81.7
        0.6
        iMye_PL_sD21
        37.7%
        47.1
        50.5%
        99.1%
        0.1%
        256 bp
        47.7%
        100.0%
        46.1
        100.0%
        31.7
        2.3 X
        122.8
        1.1
        iMye_TA_D17
        20.4%
        61.8
        49.4%
        99.3%
        0.1%
        222 bp
        25.8%
        100.0%
        60.8
        100.0%
        56.3
        1.3 X
        70.7
        1.5
        iMye_TA_D19
        20.9%
        21.4
        51.4%
        98.8%
        0.1%
        237 bp
        26.7%
        100.0%
        20.9
        100.0%
        18.0
        0.6 X
        32.3
        0.5
        iMye_TA_D21
        26.8%
        31.0
        50.6%
        99.1%
        0.3%
        195 bp
        33.5%
        100.0%
        30.5
        100.0%
        27.4
        0.8 X
        39.7
        0.7
        iMye_TA_sD21
        44.9%
        54.3
        45.5%
        98.0%
        0.1%
        233 bp
        51.4%
        100.0%
        52.1
        100.0%
        49.4
        1.1 X
        57.8
        0.9
        iMye_sD21
        43.1%
        25.4
        46.7%
        97.7%
        0.2%
        202 bp
        55.0%
        100.0%
        24.3
        100.0%
        23.0
        0.5 X
        27.4
        0.4

        Workflow explanation

        Preprocessing of reads was done automatically by seq2science v1.2.2 using the rna-seq workflow. Paired-end reads were trimmed with fastp v0.23.2 with default options. Genome assembly hg38 was downloaded with genomepy 0.16.1. Reads were aligned with STAR v2.7.10b with default options. Afterwards, duplicate reads were marked with Picard MarkDuplicates v3.0.0. General alignment statistics were collected by samtools stats v1.16. Sample sequencing strandedness was inferred using RSeQC v5.0.1 in order to improve quantification accuracy. Deeptools v3.5.1 was used for the fingerprint, profile, correlation and dendrogram/heatmap plots, where the heatmap was made with options '--distanceBetweenBins 9000 --binSize 1000'. RNA-seq read duplication types were analyzed using dupRadar v1.28.0. Read counting and summarizing to gene-level was performed on filtered bam using HTSeq-count v2.0.2. The UCSC genome browser was used to visualize and inspect alignment. TPM normalized gene counts were generated using genomepy based on longest transcript lengths. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using DESeq2 v1.34. To adjust for multiple testing the (default) Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was performed with an FDR cutoff of 0.1 (default is 0.1). Counts were log transformed using the (default) shrinkage estimator apeglm v1.16. Quality control metrics were aggregated by MultiQC v1.14.

        Assembly stats

        Genome assembly hg38 contains of 194 contigs, with a GC-content of 40.87%, and 4.88% consists of the letter N. The N50-L50 stats are 145138636-9 and the N75-L75 stats are 114364328-14. The genome annotation contains 42555 genes.

        fastp

        fastp An ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor (QC, adapters, trimming, filtering, splitting...).DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty560.

        Filtered Reads

        Filtering statistics of sampled reads.

        loading..

        Insert Sizes

        Insert size estimation of sampled reads.

        loading..

        Sequence Quality

        Average sequencing quality over each base of all reads.

        loading..

        GC Content

        Average GC content over each base of all reads.

        loading..

        N content

        Average N content over each base of all reads.

        loading..

        Picard

        Picard is a set of Java command line tools for manipulating high-throughput sequencing data.

        Insert Size

        Plot shows the number of reads at a given insert size. Reads with different orientations are summed.

        loading..

        Mark Duplicates

        Number of reads, categorised by duplication state. Pair counts are doubled - see help text for details.

        The table in the Picard metrics file contains some columns referring read pairs and some referring to single reads.

        To make the numbers in this plot sum correctly, values referring to pairs are doubled according to the scheme below:

        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS = 2 * READ_PAIR_DUPLICATES
        • READS_IN_UNIQUE_PAIRS = 2 * (READ_PAIRS_EXAMINED - READ_PAIR_DUPLICATES)
        • READS_IN_UNIQUE_UNPAIRED = UNPAIRED_READS_EXAMINED - UNPAIRED_READ_DUPLICATES
        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS_OPTICAL = 2 * READ_PAIR_OPTICAL_DUPLICATES
        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS_NONOPTICAL = READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS - READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS_OPTICAL
        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_UNPAIRED = UNPAIRED_READ_DUPLICATES
        • READS_UNMAPPED = UNMAPPED_READS
        loading..

        SamTools pre-sieve

        Samtools is a suite of programs for interacting with high-throughput sequencing data.DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352.

        The pre-sieve statistics are quality metrics measured before applying (optional) minimum mapping quality, blacklist removal, mitochondrial read removal, read length filtering, and tn5 shift.

        Percent Mapped

        Alignment metrics from samtools stats; mapped vs. unmapped reads.

        For a set of samples that have come from the same multiplexed library, similar numbers of reads for each sample are expected. Large differences in numbers might indicate issues during the library preparation process. Whilst large differences in read numbers may be controlled for in downstream processings (e.g. read count normalisation), you may wish to consider whether the read depths achieved have fallen below recommended levels depending on the applications.

        Low alignment rates could indicate contamination of samples (e.g. adapter sequences), low sequencing quality or other artefacts. These can be further investigated in the sequence level QC (e.g. from FastQC).

        loading..

        Alignment metrics

        This module parses the output from samtools stats. All numbers in millions.

        loading..

        SamTools post-sieve

        Samtools is a suite of programs for interacting with high-throughput sequencing data.DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352.

        The post-sieve statistics are quality metrics measured after applying (optional) minimum mapping quality, blacklist removal, mitochondrial read removal, and tn5 shift.

        Percent Mapped

        Alignment metrics from samtools stats; mapped vs. unmapped reads.

        For a set of samples that have come from the same multiplexed library, similar numbers of reads for each sample are expected. Large differences in numbers might indicate issues during the library preparation process. Whilst large differences in read numbers may be controlled for in downstream processings (e.g. read count normalisation), you may wish to consider whether the read depths achieved have fallen below recommended levels depending on the applications.

        Low alignment rates could indicate contamination of samples (e.g. adapter sequences), low sequencing quality or other artefacts. These can be further investigated in the sequence level QC (e.g. from FastQC).

        loading..

        Alignment metrics

        This module parses the output from samtools stats. All numbers in millions.

        loading..

        deepTools

        deepTools is a suite of tools to process and analyze deep sequencing data.DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw257.

        PCA plot

        PCA plot with the top two principal components calculated based on genome-wide distribution of sequence reads

        loading..

        Fingerprint plot

        Signal fingerprint according to plotFingerprint

        loading..

        Strandedness

        Strandedness package provides a number of useful modules that can comprehensively evaluate high throughput RNA-seq data.DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts356.

        Sequencing strandedness was inferred for the following samples, and was called if 60% of the sampled reads were explained by either sense (forward) or antisense (reverse).

        Infer experiment

        Infer experiment counts the percentage of reads and read pairs that match the strandedness of overlapping transcripts. It can be used to infer whether RNA-seq library preps are stranded (sense or antisense).

        loading..

        deepTools - Spearman correlation heatmap of reads in bins across the genome

        Spearman correlation plot generated by deeptools. Spearman correlation is a non-parametric (distribution-free) method, and assesses the monotonicity of the relationship.

        deepTools - Pearson correlation heatmap of reads in bins across the genome

        Pearson correlation plot generated by deeptools. Pearson correlation is a parametric (lots of assumptions, e.g. normality and homoscedasticity) method, and assesses the linearity of the relationship.

        dupRadar

        Figures generated by [dupRadar](https://bioconductor.riken.jp/packages/3.4/bioc/vignettes/dupRadar/inst/doc/dupRadar.html#plotting-and-interpretation). Click the link for help with interpretation.

        DESeq2 - Sample distance cluster heatmap of counts

        Euclidean distance between samples, based on variance stabilizing transformed counts (RNA: expressed genes, ChIP: bound regions, ATAC: accessible regions). Gives us an overview of similarities and dissimilarities between samples.

        DESeq2 - Spearman correlation cluster heatmap of counts

        Correlation cluster heatmap based on variance stabilizing transformed counts. Spearman correlation is a non-parametric (distribution-free) method, and assesses the monotonicity of the relationship.

        DESeq2 - Pearson correlation cluster heatmap of counts

        Correlation cluster heatmap based on variance stabilizing transformed counts. Pearson correlation is a parametric (lots of assumptions, e.g. normality and homoscedasticity) method, and assesses the linearity of the relationship.

        DESeq2 - MA plot for contrast PL1_yes_no

        A MA plot shows the relation between the (normalized) mean counts for each gene/peak, and the log2 fold change between the conditions. Genes/peaks that are significantly differentially expressed are coloured blue. Similarily a volcano plot shows the relation between the log2 fold change between contrasts and their p-value.

        DESeq2 - PCA plot for PL1_yes_no

        This PCA plot shows the relation among samples along the two most principal components, coloured by condition. PCA transforms the data from the normalized high dimensions (e.g. 20.000 gene counts, or 100.000 peak expressions) to a low dimension (PC1 and PC2). It does so by maximizing the variance along these two components. Generally you expect there to be more variance between samples from different conditions, than within conditions. This means that you would "expect" similar samples closeby each other on PC1 and PC2.

        DESeq2 - MA plot for contrast PL3_yes_no

        A MA plot shows the relation between the (normalized) mean counts for each gene/peak, and the log2 fold change between the conditions. Genes/peaks that are significantly differentially expressed are coloured blue. Similarily a volcano plot shows the relation between the log2 fold change between contrasts and their p-value.

        DESeq2 - PCA plot for PL3_yes_no

        This PCA plot shows the relation among samples along the two most principal components, coloured by condition. PCA transforms the data from the normalized high dimensions (e.g. 20.000 gene counts, or 100.000 peak expressions) to a low dimension (PC1 and PC2). It does so by maximizing the variance along these two components. Generally you expect there to be more variance between samples from different conditions, than within conditions. This means that you would "expect" similar samples closeby each other on PC1 and PC2.

        DESeq2 - MA plot for contrast PL2_yes_no

        A MA plot shows the relation between the (normalized) mean counts for each gene/peak, and the log2 fold change between the conditions. Genes/peaks that are significantly differentially expressed are coloured blue. Similarily a volcano plot shows the relation between the log2 fold change between contrasts and their p-value.

        DESeq2 - PCA plot for PL2_yes_no

        This PCA plot shows the relation among samples along the two most principal components, coloured by condition. PCA transforms the data from the normalized high dimensions (e.g. 20.000 gene counts, or 100.000 peak expressions) to a low dimension (PC1 and PC2). It does so by maximizing the variance along these two components. Generally you expect there to be more variance between samples from different conditions, than within conditions. This means that you would "expect" similar samples closeby each other on PC1 and PC2.

        Samples & Config

        The samples file used for this run:

        sample assembly PL1 PL2 PL3
        iMye_PL_D17 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_D19 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_D21 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_sD17 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_sD21 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_TA_D17 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_TA_D19 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_TA_D21 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_TA_sD17 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_TA_sD19 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_PL_TA_sD21 hg38 yes yes
        iMye_D17 hg38 no no
        iMye_D19 hg38 no no
        iMye_D21 hg38 no no
        iMye_sD21 hg38 no no
        iMye_TA_D17 hg38 no no
        iMye_TA_D19 hg38 no no
        iMye_TA_D21 hg38 no no
        iMye_TA_sD21 hg38 no no

        The config file used for this run: 
        # tab-separated file of the samples
samples: samples.tsv

# pipeline file locations
result_dir: ./results  # where to store results
genome_dir: /vol/slrinzema/GHE/genomes  # where to look for or download the genomes
fastq_dir: /vol/slrinzema/GHE/fastq  # where to look for or download the fastqs


# contact info for multiqc report and trackhub
email: yourmail@here.com

# produce a UCSC trackhub?
create_trackhub: true

# how to handle replicates
technical_replicates: merge    # change to "keep" to not combine them

# which trimmer to use
trimmer: fastp

# which quantifier to use
quantifier: htseq  # or salmon or featurecounts

# which aligner to use (not used for the gene counts matrix if the quantifier is Salmon)
aligner: star

# filtering after alignment (not used for the gene counts matrix if the quantifier is Salmon)
remove_blacklist: true
min_mapping_quality: 255  # (only keep uniquely mapped reads from STAR alignments)
only_primary_align: true
remove_dups: false # keep duplicates (check dupRadar in the MultiQC)

# should the final output be stored as cram files (instead of bam) to save storage?
store_as_cram: false

# differential gene expression analysis
# for explanation, see: https://vanheeringen-lab.github.io/seq2science/content/DESeq2.html
contrasts:
 - PL1_yes_no
 - PL2_yes_no
 - PL3_yes_no

        MultiQC v1.14 - Written by Phil Ewels, available on GitHub.

        This report uses HighCharts, jQuery, jQuery UI, Bootstrap, FileSaver.js and clipboard.js.